El Diarioa Exterior McDonald's, icono de la globalización, cumple 50 años
Chef Lala señala que del mismo modo que en Estados Unidos se está produciendo una “latinización” de la comida por la influencia de la población hispana, en el mundo hace años que se está dando una “americanización” de los hábitos culinarios.Cuando Ray Kroc decidió asociarse con los hermanos Richard y Maurice McDonald hace hoy exactamente 50 años en el negocio de venta de hamburguesas y batidos que éstos habían creado a finales de los años 40, estaba sin duda viendo una gran oportunidad empresarial.
Yolanda Arenales
Lo que probablemente no sospechaba es que el negocio que él se encargó de llevar a todo el país acabaría siendo algo más que un imperio de restaurantes de comida rápida.
En el medio siglo transcurrido la firma se ha convertido en un emblema de la cultura estadounidense con más de 28 mil restaurantes en todo el mundo, 45 millones de consumidores diarios y, pese a que otros tantos millones insisten a lo largo y ancho del planeta en utilizarlo como el símbolo de la llamada “comida basura”, la compañía de los arcos amarillos es casi un tema de estudio obligado para quienes se preparan como administradores de empresas.
La historia de éxito de McDonald´s Corp. se inició cuando Kroc viajó a principios de los años 50 a San Bernardino para averiguar por qué Richard y Maurice “Mac” McDonald, dueños de un local de hamburguesas, habían comprado 10 máquinas para batidos. Ahí, Kroc vio el llamado sistema de servicio rápido y decidió que podría repetirlo en todo el país asociándose con los McDonald, a quienes terminó comprando su parte en el negocio en 1961.
Las hamburguesas y los batidos conforman una fórmula que aún funciona. En 2004, las ganancias de McDonald´s subieron en un 55%. Los arcos de McDonald´s están por todo el mundo y cada vez con una mayor presencia gracias a la globalización de la economía y a tratados de libre comercio como el firmado entre Estados Unidos, México y Canadá hace poco más de una década. Desde entonces, por ejemplo, muchos mexicanos no tienen que esperar a venir a este país para probar una de las hamburguesas del famoso payaso Ronald McDonald.
“No cabe duda que algo que este país domina es el mercadeo y las imágenes de marca, a los que además dedica miles de millones de dólares”, dice Laura Díaz, profesionalmente conocida como Chef Lala, una experta en cultura culinaria, autora de Latin Lover Lite y portavoz de Expo Comida Latina.
Chef Lala señala que del mismo modo que en Estados Unidos se está produciendo una “latinización” de la comida por la influencia de la población hispana, en el mundo hace años que se está dando una “americanización” de los hábitos culinarios.
“No hay duda que existe una fascinación con la cultura estadounidense que hace que consumir algo tan típico como su comida rápida sirva para satisfacer de algún modo las aspiraciones de libertad, riqueza y abundancia con que se identifica a este país”, dice la experta, explicando que, por ejemplo, consumir una Coca-Cola o una hamburguesa de McDonald´s puede crear la ilusión de alcanzar un pedacito del sueño americano .
Zhan Li, profesor de mercadeo y negocios internacionales de la Universidad de San Francisco, indica que el fenómeno se reforzó enormemente en la década de 1980, cuando se inició la llamada globalización.
“Fue entonces cuando Estados Unidos empujó este movimiento que se ha consumado en acuerdos como el tratado de libre comercio”, dice Li. “El país no desaprovechó la ocasión para hacerlo del modo más favorable, lo que ha conseguido, entre otras cosas, convertir las marcas emblemáticas estadounidenses en iconos internacionales”.
Según Li, esta gran campaña de mercadeo de los productos genuinamente estadounidenses no se realiza sólo con las enormes sumas en publicidad que las multinacionales dedican al mismo.
“Hay anuncios permanentes sobre la cultura estadounidense a través de Hollywood, de Wall Street o de la CNN, entre otros muchos, que presentan al país como un ´producto´ deseable”, dice Li, enfatizando que ello beneficia a las marcas que lo simbolizan. No obstante, sostiene Li, además del mercadeo estas firmas han conseguido crear un modelo eficiente.
McDonald´s, por ejemplo, ofrece estándares de limpieza, calidad del producto, rapidez, etc. y esa previsibilidad es apreciada por los consumidores, independientemente de que además en algunos países se considere también un símbolo de estatus económico o ideológico.
John Burn, vicepresidente de planificación e investigación de The Marketing Store, una agencia global con sede en Chicago, Illinois, de la que McDonald´s es uno de sus clientes, comenta que muchos consumidores compran algo más que una hamburguesa en estos restaurantes porque no se trata sólo de comer, sino de satisfacer la aspiración de mejorar que Estados Unidos representa.
“Una [hamburguesa] Big Mac puede proporcionar no sólo una gratificación biológica, sino también emocional”, dice. Por su parte, la doctora Susan Linn, directora asociada del Centro de Medios de Comunicación del centro Judge Baker de la Universidad de Harvard y cofundadora de la campaña Niñez Libre de Anuncios (Commercial-Free Childhood), comenta que el éxito de las marcas emblemáticas estadounidenses responde a un cúmulo de factores en el que nada se deja al azar.
“Hay miles de millones en inversión de publicidad en los que se explota lo que Estados Unidos tiene de nuevo y excitante en favor de productos a menudo perjudiciales”, comenta Linn, indicando que la comida basura es de “venta fácil” por sus altos contenidos de sodio, azúcares y grasas, favorecidos por la predisposición biológica que existe para su consumo.
A ello se une, según Linn, el envoltorio psicológico que aporta la publicidad y que apunta sobre todo a los sectores en los que se pueden crear hábitos de consumo perdurables: los niños, los mercados en otros países y los inmigrantes.
“Los hispanos de Estados Unidos, por ejemplo, son uno de los grandes objetivos, a ellos se les presenta estos productos como una puerta de acceso a la experiencia estadounidense”, concluye Linn.
Fuente: La Opinión - EEUU
Mother's Walk
On May 14, 2005 Chef LaLa will team up with Latino 5 a Day Campaign “Pound the Pavement for Better Health.” Walk and festival focusing on Healthy choices for the entire family.On May 14, 2005 Chef LaLa will team up with Latino 5 a Day Campaign “Pound the Pavement for Better Health.” Walk and festival focusing on Healthy choices for the entire family.
Chef LaLa speaks at 11th Annual Adelante Mujer Latina!
Women at Work - Adelante Mujer Latina! - Saturday April 16, 2005 Career and Education Choices for the Future.
Chef LaLa speaks at workshops that encourage and inspire young Latina women to stay in school, go to college and develop career goals. Women at Work is a nonprofit job and career resource center, serving the greater Los Angeles area. Women At Work serves over 4,500 women and men each year. Since 1979, we have helped thousands of people to find jobs, change careers or improve their employment situation.
American Heart Association Fourth Annual Corazones Unidos
Chef LaLa will join the American Heart Association’s Fourth Annual Corazones Unidos (Hearts United) Gala, to be held at the Beverly Hilton Hotel. This event is unique in that all net dollars raised by this gala directly support American Heart Association sponsored Latino programs affiliate-wide.
Chef LaLa will join the American Heart Association’s Fourth Annual Corazones Unidos (Hearts United) Gala, to be held at the Beverly Hilton Hotel. This event is unique in that all net dollars raised by this gala directly support American Heart Association sponsored Latino programs affiliate-wide.
From Chef LaLa:
Heart disease and stroke claims the lives of more Latinos every year than all other diseases combined.
Chef laLa and Spencer Publications celebrate the efforts of the American Heart Association in empowering and educating the Latino community to implement changes in order to reduce disability and death from cardiovascular disease and stroke among the Latino population.
The AHA’s commitment to the development of a strategic plan for more culturally and linguistically competent Hispanidlatino programs is the foundation for continuous growth.
Aplausos!
Chef LaLa Joins the Professional Chef's Association
Chef LaLa is now a board member of the Professional Chef’s Association! See the full list of members.
Chef LaLa is now a board member of the Professional Chef’s Association! See the full list of members.
The Professional Chef’s Association provides Educational Programs, Regional & National Trade Shows, Culinary Competitions, Environmental guidelines, a Comprehensive Food & Beverage Encyclopedia and Food Safety & Science News among other services.
Binational Health Week
Chef LaLa empowers the community as she participates in the second annual Binational Health Week (BHW). A historic opportunity to improve Immigrant Health and Well-Being.Chef LaLa empowers the community as she participates in the second annual Binational Health Week (BHW). A historic opportunity to improve Immigrant Health and Well-Being.
Background
Binational Health Week (BHW) A Historic Opportunity to Improve Immigrant Health and Well-being
The nearly 3.2 million Mexicans living and working in California contribute significantly to the state’s economy. However, no group faces greater barriers, particularly the state’s more than 1 million agricultural workers, to the basic human right of health care.
The California-Mexico Health Initiative (CMHI) is a collaborative program of the California Policy Research Center, University of California Office of the President. CMHI aims to coordinate California and Mexican efforts to improve the quality of life of immigrant families by expanding their access to health care, increasing their health-insurance coverage, and reducing their unmet health needs. CMHI operates in California, where nearly half of the Mexican- origin population in the United States resides, and in seven Mexican states with high international mobility: Baja California, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, and Zacatecas. In California, CMHI has been working in twelve counties and is planning to expand its work to other rural areas as well. The counties are: Alameda, San Francisco, Fresno, Imperial, Los Angeles, Monterey, Sacramento, San Mateo, Sonoma/Napa, San Diego, Ventura, and Orange. Expanded work areas include Kern and Merced.
In October 2001, The California-Mexico Health Initiative (CMHI) convened Binational Health Week (BHW), an unprecedented effort overseen by multiagency task forces which conducted health-promotion activities involving 115 community-based organizations from seven counties at 98 sites. More than 950 people participated in planning and implementing activities, and over 18,720 people received direct health-care services during the week. A mural was unveiled at a community health clinic. Additionally, the week closed with the participation of 120 researchers from California and Mexico in an academic forum. Media campaigns produced more than 150 electronic and print media hits.
The 2002 Binational Health Week will bring health actions to thousands of these residents, BWH will include health promotion and preventive activities focused on several areas including cervical and breast cancer, immunizations, diabetes, mental health, nutrition and exercise, STDs/HIV, health insurance and work-related injuries. Activities will be held concurrently in twelve California counties and seven Mexican states.
In the spirit of collaboration between the Californian and Mexican governments, Binational Health Week activities in California will involve working partnerships among Mexican Secretariats of Health and Foreign Affairs, border health organizations, the California Department of Health Services, the Centers for Disease Control and numerous communit-based organizations and county health agencies. Agencies and organizations across the state will be working complementary with the “Vete Sano, Regresa Sano Program,” Mexico’s hugely successful health education and awareness program for migrant families. Also, California activities will compliment the Mexican National Health Week. Since 1993, the Mexican Secretariat of Health has implemented this nationwide health week and immunization crusade three times a year throughout Mexico reaching millions of underserved citizens and boosting immunization among children to almost 100%.
Binational Health Week will focus on three key strategies: health education and promotion activities, inaugural events, and press events. The inaugural event will take place in the city of Morelia and in Indaparapeo in the state of Michoacan with the participation of federal, state, and local representatives including organizations for Mexicans abroad. The objective of this event is to generate a dynamic dialogue between California and Mexico representatives, as well as the discussion of short term concrete commitments to be implemented during 2003. According to the CMHI vision: “Health is a universal human right that should be respected both in one’s place of origin and where one works.”
The second annual Binational Health Week, is one component of the California-Mexico Health Initiative (CMHI), a broad partnership convened by the California Policy Research Center, University of California, Office of the President. The UC effort is funded by The California Endowment and the California HealthCare Foundation through a series of grants.
The California-Mexico Health Initiative will continue to work throughout the year on both sides of the border to expand access to health services, improve health insurance coverage and reduce unmet health needs of Mexicans living and working in California.
Chef Lala Wins Salsa Competition, Benefits Cancer Prevention
…Each salsa featured a variety of produce from across the color spectrum and ranged from a traditional salsa roja to a fresh fruit salsa. Once the votes were tallied, Chef Lala proved to be the best according to voting market goers. She took home top honors in what will now be an annual 5 A Day Week tradition in Santa Monica.
The Santa Monica Farmers’ Market played host to a salsa competition set up by Los Angeles Project LEAN. Chefs Lala from the cooking show “U’ LaLa,” Hugo Molina from El Cholo Cafe and Robert Klein from Border Grill matched culinary wits with registered dieticians Andrea Giancoli of Los Angeles Project LEAN and Dona Richwine of the Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District.
Each salsa featured a variety of produce from across the color spectrum and ranged from a traditional salsa roja to a fresh fruit salsa. Once the votes were tallied, Chef Lala proved to be the best according to voting market goers. She took home top honors in what will now be an annual 5 A Day Week tradition in Santa Monica.
Get the recipe for Chef Lala’s Awesome Fire Roasted Salsa ›
Chef LaLa Joins Panelists During for Annual Latina Conference
Panelists for the morning discussion include: Joy Enriquez (recording artist, Arista Records), Evelina Fernandez (Luminarias, American Me, actress, writer) Jackie Guerra (An American Fam- ily, Selena) Seidy Lopez (Showtime’s Resurrection Blvd., Mi Vida Loca) and Chef Lala (Ulala! The Cooking Show).Hispanic Lifestyle Magazine is presenting its 4th Annual Latina Conference, scheduled for March 22, 2002 at the Ontario Airport Hilton, 700 North Haven in Ontario, CA.
The Latina Conference is an event designed to generate meaningful dialogue among Latinas on topics like health, business, and education.
The theme for this year’s conference is “Latinas in Entertainment”. Actresses, broadcasters, recording artists and writers will come together to discuss their experiences and insights through keynote ad- dresses, seminar sessions, and a panel discussion.
… Panelists for the morning discussion include: Joy Enriquez (recording artist, Arista Records), Evelina Fernandez (Luminarias, American Me, actress, writer) Jackie Guerra (An American Fam- ily, Selena) Seidy Lopez (Showtime’s Resurrection Blvd., Mi Vida Loca) and Chef Lala (Ulala! The Cooking Show).
Seminar topics include: “Building Wealth in Turbulent Times,” “Creating Your Public Image,” “Making your Way Up The Corpo- rate Structure,” Success in the Business World” and others.